Data-Structure : Lecture 2

Data Abstraction

Abstraction refers to the act of representing essential features without including the background details or explanations. The  data is not accessible to the outside world, and only those functions which are wrapped in the class cannot access it.

Encapsulation

The wrapping up of data and functions into a single unit (called class) is known as encapsulation. The data is not accessible to the outside world, and only these functions, which are wrapped in the class, can access it. This insulation of the data from direct access by the program is called data hiding or information hiding.

Inheritance

Inheritance is the process by which objects of one class acquire the properties of objects of another class. It supports the concept of hierarchical classification.

Polymorphism

Polymorphism is another important OOP concept. Polymorphism, a Greek term, means the ability to take more than form. An operation may exhibit different behaviors in different instances. The behavior depends upon the types of data used in the operation.

Dynamic Binding

Binding refers to the linking of a procedure call to the code to be executed in response to the call. Dynamic binding means that the code associated with a given procedure call is not known until the time of the call at run-time. It is associated with polymorphism an inheritance.